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Short Answer Type

41. What do you understand by ‘colligative’ property?

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42. Why is vapour pressure of solution of glucose in water is lower than that of water?

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43. Draw the vapour pressure versus compositon diagram for an idal solution.

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44. What are isotonic solutions? How do they differ from hypotonic and Hypertonic solutions?

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45. What is the relationship between the eubllioscopic constant and the elevation in boiling point of the solution?

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46. How is the alcohol and water are miscible in all proportions?

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47. Why do gases nearly always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?

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48. How is osmotic pressure related to the concentration (or number of moles) of a solute in solution?

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49. What is the effect of temperature on solubility of salt in water?

Answer:

Temperature does effect the solubility of any solid solute in a solution,like in the case of salt in water.the effect of temperature depends on the nature of reaction.if the reaction is an endothermic reaction,then the increase in temperature has a positive effect and the solubility increases.if it is an exothermic process,then the increase in the temperature would not favour the solubity of the solute.

For Salt + Water Solution ΔH = + ve or for endothermic dissolution of salt, the solubility increases with temperature. Where as for exothermic dissolution. Salt + Water → Solution. ΔH = – ve > the solubility decreases with temperature.

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50. What happens to vapour pressure of solution if table sugar or table salt is added to water?

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