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Surface Chemistry

Short Answer Type

141. Explain the chemical phenomenon involved in the purification of water using potash alum.

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142. Justify the use of gelatin as a protective colloid.

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143. Some zeolites are used to separate long straight chain hydrocarbons from branched chain hydrocarbons in petrochemical industry. Explain how this separation becomes possible.

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144. How is a colloidal solution purified by ultrafiltration?

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145. Consider the adsorption isotherm given below and interpret the variation in the extent of adsorption (x/m) when:

(i) temperature increases at constant pressure.
(ii) pressure increases at constant temperature.

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146. What is the coagulating power of an electrolyte? What is the cause of coagulation?

Answer:

Coagulating power of an electrolyte is the minimum amount of electrolyte in millimoles that must be added to one litre of a colloidal solution to bring about its coagulation.

Coagulation is caused by
(i) Electrophoresis,
(ii) Mutual precipitation by mixing oppositely charged sols in proper proportion.

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