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 Multiple Choice QuestionsShort Answer Type

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151. Give reasons for the following:
Copper(I) has d10 configuration while copper(ll) hs d9 configuration, still copper(II) is more stable in aqueous solution than copper(I).


Stability depends on the hydration energy (enthalpy) of the ions when they bond to the water molecules. The Cu2+ ion has a greater charge density than Cu+ ion and thus forms much stronger bonds releasing more energy. The extra energy needed for the second ionization of the copper is more than compensated for by the hydration, so much so that the Cu+ ion loses an electron to become Cu2+ which can then release this hydration energy.
In aqueous solution Cu+ disproportionate to Cu2+ and Cu
2Cu+------>Cu2+ +Cu
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152. Give reasons for the following:
The second and third transition series elements have almost similar atomic radii.
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153.

Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in following gaseous ions: Mn3+, Cr3+, V3+ and Ti3+, which one of these is the most stable in aqueous solution?

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154.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic, the highest is amphoteric/acidic.

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155.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state in oxides and fluroides.

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156.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
The highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxoanions of a metal.

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157.

Indicate the steps in the preparation of  K2Cr2Ofrom chromite ore.

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158.

Indicate the steps in the preparation of KMnOfrom pyrolusite ore.

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159. What are alloys? Name an important alloy which contains some of the lanthanoid metals. Mention its uses. 
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160. What are inner transition elements? Decide which of the following atomic numbers are the atomic numbers of the inner transition elements: 29, 59, 74, 95, 102, 104
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