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The d-And-f-Block Elements

Long Answer Type

161. The chemistry of the actinoid elements is not so smooth as that of the lanthanoids. Justify this statement by giving some examples from the oxidation state of these elements.

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Short Answer Type

162. Which is the last element in the series of the actinoids? Write the electronic configuration of this element. Comment on the possible oxidation state of this element.

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163.

Use Hund's rule to derive the electronic configuration of Ce³⁺ ion, and calculate its magnetic moment on the basis of 'spin only' formula.

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Long Answer Type

164. Name the members of the lanthanoid series which exhibit +4 oxidation states and those which exhibit + 2 oxidation states. Try to correlate this type of behaviour with the electronic configurations of these elements.

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Short Answer Type

165. Compare the chemistry of the actinoids with that of lanthanoids with reference to:
(i) electronic configuration (ii) oxidation states and (iii) chemical reactivity (iv) Atomic size

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166.

Explain:
CrO₄^2– is a strong oxidizing agent while MnO₄^2– is not.

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167.

Explain:
Zr and H_f have identical sizes.

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168.

Explain:
The lowest oxidation state of manganese is basic while the highest is acidic.

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169.
Explain:
Mn(II) shows maximum paramagnetic character amongst the divalent ions of the first transition series.

The electronic configuration of Mn is [Ar] 4s² 3d⁵.
In Mn(II) configuration is [Ar] 4s⁰ 3d⁵. thus shows maximum paramagnetic character amongst the divalent ions of the first transition series because it has the largest number of unpaired electrons.

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Long Answer Type

170. Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following points:
(i) electronic configuration (ii) oxidation states (iii) ionisation enthalpies and (iv) atomic sizes.

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