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The transition element exhibit color and magnetic property due to unpaired electron.Co 2+ has electronic configuration [Ar] 4s 0 3d 7 has seven unpaired electron, Cr 3+ has [Ar] 4s 0 3d 3 has three unpaired electrons, therefore, they will form coloured solution whereas Sc 3+ [Ar] 4s 0 3d 0 has no unpaired electron, it will form colourless solution. Co 2+ and Cr 3+ will be attracted by magnetic field due to presence of unpaired electrons whereas Sc 3+ will be repelled by magnetic field because it does not have unpaired electrons.

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The d-And-f-Block Elements

Short Answer Type

171. Write down the number of 3d electrons in each of the following ions : Ti²⁺, V²⁺, Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺. Indicate how would you expect the five 3d orbitals to be occupied for these hydrated ions (octahedral)

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172.

Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.

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173.

Mention the direct consequence of the following factors on the chemical behaviour of the transition elements.
(i) They have in completely filled d-orbitals in the ground state or in one of the oxidised states of their atoms.
(ii) They contribute more valence electrons per atom in the formation of metallic bonds?

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174. Why do the d-block elements exhibit a large number of oxidation states than the f-block elements?

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175. How do the transition elements form interstitial compounds? State an industrial advantage of such occurrence.

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176. Of the ions Co²⁺, Sc³⁺ and Cr³⁺ which one will give coloured aqueous solutions and will have each of them respond to a magnetic field and why? [Atomic numbers, Co = 27, Sc = 21, Cr = 24]

The transition element exhibit color and magnetic property due to unpaired electron.Co²⁺ has electronic configuration [Ar] 4s⁰3d⁷ has seven unpaired electron, Cr³⁺ has [Ar] 4s⁰3d³ has three unpaired electrons, therefore, they will form coloured solution whereas Sc³⁺ [Ar] 4s⁰3d⁰ has no unpaired electron, it will form colourless solution.
Co²⁺ and Cr³⁺ will be attracted by magnetic field due to presence of unpaired electrons whereas Sc³⁺ will be repelled by magnetic field because it does not have unpaired electrons.