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The p-Block Elements

Long Answer Type

131.

What are allotropes? Sketch the structure of two allotropes of carbon family namely diamond and graphite. What is the impact of structure on physical properties of two allotropes?

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Short Answer Type

132.

Give reasons:
Graphite is used as lubricant.

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133.

Give reasons:
Diamond is used as an abrasive.

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Fill In the Blanks

134.

The atoms in __________ are arranged in layers.

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135.

The atoms in diamond are arranged in __________ pattern which account for its __________

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136.

When wood is heated in the absence of air, the residue is called ________

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137.

The residue can absorb fuel gases and is, therefore used in ___________

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138.

The residue is also used for _________ of substances, e.g. sugar.

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Long Answer Type

139.
Difference between diamond and graphite.

Diamond	Graphite
1. It is the hardest substance known to exist.	1. It is black greyish crystalline solid and is quite soft.
2. It is a bad conductor of electricity.	2. It is a good conductor of electricity.
3. The carbon atoms in the structure are sp³hybridised.	3. The carbon atoms are sp² hybridised.
4. It has huge three dimensional network structure.	4. It has two dimensional sheet like structure.
5. It does not possess any lustre	5. It a has metallic lustre.
6. It a has very high melting point.	6. It has low metling point.