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61.

Small fish get stuck near the bottom of a shark and derives its nutrition from it. This kind of association is called as

  • antibiosis

  • commensalism

  • predation

  • parasitism


B.

commensalism

In commensalism, association between members of different species is made in the way that one is benefitted and other neither is benefitted nor harmed.

Antibiosis is the complete or partial inhibition of one organism by another through the production of some substance as a result of metabolic pathways.

In parasitism the parasite organisms derives food and sometimes shelter also, from the host without killing it.

In predation, predatory organisms are free living which catch and kill another species for food.


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62.

the group of Anamniota includes

  • reptiles and birds

  • birds and mammals

  • fishes an amphibians

  • reptiles and mammals


63.

Lichen is the pioneer vegetation on which succession?

  • Hydrosere

  • Lithosere

  • Psammosere

  • Xerosere


64.

The presence of diversity at the junction of territories of two different habitats is known as

  • bottleneck effect

  • edge effect

  • junction effect

  • Pasteur effect


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65.

Gases found in primitive atmosphere are

  • CH4, NH3, H2, H2O (vapour form)

  • CH4, NH3, CO2, H2O

  • CH4, H2O, CO2

  • CH4, O2, CO2


66.

Nitrifying bacteria are able to

  • convert atmospheric nitrogen into soluble forms

  • convert ammonia to nitrate

  • ammonia to nitrogen

  • nitrate to nitrogen


67.

Green plants constitute

  •  first trophic level

  • second trophic level

  • third trophic level

  • complete food chain


68.

The effect of intraspecific competition on niches is to make them

  • smaller

  • larger

  • change location

  • more triangular


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69.

If decomposers are removed what will happen to the ecosystem?

  • Energy cycle is stopped

  • Mineral cycle is stopped

  • Consumers cannot absorb solar energy

  • Rate of decompostion of mineral increases


70.

Which of the following is used as green manure?

  • Azolla

  • Azadirachta

  • Crotolaria juncea

  • Hevea brassiliansis


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