441. A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and mark corresponding to it.

The first working steam-powered vehicle was designed — and most likely built — by Ferdinand Verbiest, a Flemish member of a Jesuit mission in China around 1672. It was a 65 cm-long scale-model toy for the Chinese Emperor, that was unable to carry a driver or a passenger. It is not known if Verbiest's model was ever built.

Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot is widely credited with building the first full-scale, self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile in about 1769; he also created a steam-powered tricycle. He also constructed two steam tractors for the French Army, one of which is preserved in the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts. His inventions were however handicapped by problems with water supply and maintaining steam pressure. In 1801, Richard Trevithick built and demonstrated his Puffing Devil road locomotive, believed by many to be the first demonstration of a steam-powered road vehicle. It was unable to maintain sufficient steam pressure for long periods, and was of little practical use. Sentiment against steam-powered road vehicles led to the Locomotive Acts of 1865. In 1807 Nicephore Niepce and his brother Claude probably created the world's first internal combustion engine which they called Pyreolophore.

The Problem with Trevithick's Puffing Devil was

• Its incapability to carry a driver or a passenger

• With the water supply

• Its inability to maintain steam pressure

• Its inability to maintain steam pressure

• Depression

• Fascination

• Celebration

• Celebration

• A self-propelled mechanical vehicle

• A steam-powered tricycle

• A steam tractor

• A steam tractor

Awareness means the capacity to see a coffeepot and hear the birds sing in one's own way, and not the way one was taught. It may be assumed on good grounds that seeing and hearing have a different quality for infants than for grown-ups and that they are more aesthetic and less intellectual in the first years of life.

A little boy sees and hears birds with delight. Then the 'good father' comes along and feels he should 'share' the experience and help his son 'develop'. He says: 'That's a jay, and this is a sparrow'. The moment the little boy is concerned with which is a jay and which is a sparrow, he can no longer see the birds or hear them sing. He has to see and hear them the way his father wants him to.

Father has good reasons on his side: since few people can afford to go through life listening to the birds sing, and the sooner the little boy starts his 'education' the better. Maybe he will be an ornithologist when he grows up.

What does the writer mean by 'awareness'?

• The capacity to see as one is taught

• The capacity to see and hear things in one's own way

• The ability to see and feel things as they are in the present

• The ability to see and feel things as they are in the present

Awareness means the capacity to see a coffeepot and hear the birds sing in one's own way, and not the way one was taught. It may be assumed on good grounds that seeing and hearing have a different quality for infants than for grown-ups and that they are more aesthetic and less intellectual in the first years of life.

A little boy sees and hears birds with delight. Then the 'good father' comes along and feels he should 'share' the experience and help his son 'develop'. He says: 'That's a jay, and this is a sparrow'. The moment the little boy is concerned with which is a jay and which is a sparrow, he can no longer see the birds or hear them sing. He has to see and hear them the way his father wants him to.

Father has good reasons on his side: since few people can afford to go through life listening to the birds sing, and the sooner the little boy starts his 'education' the better. Maybe he will be an ornithologist when he grows up.

How do children perceive things around them?

• Aesthetically

• Intellectually

• Emotionally

• Emotionally

Awareness means the capacity to see a coffeepot and hear the birds sing in one's own way, and not the way one was taught. It may be assumed on good grounds that seeing and hearing have a different quality for infants than for grown-ups and that they are more aesthetic and less intellectual in the first years of life.

A little boy sees and hears birds with delight. Then the 'good father' comes along and feels he should 'share' the experience and help his son 'develop'. He says: 'That's a jay, and this is a sparrow'. The moment the little boy is concerned with which is a jay and which is a sparrow, he can no longer see the birds or hear them sing. He has to see and hear them the way his father wants him to.

Father has good reasons on his side: since few people can afford to go through life listening to the birds sing, and the sooner the little boy starts his 'education' the better. Maybe he will be an ornithologist when he grows up.

What would the 'good father' do?

• He would teach his son the way of the world.

• He would share and feel his son's experience.

• He would share his experiences and help his son 'develop'.

• He would share his experiences and help his son 'develop'.

Awareness means the capacity to see a coffeepot and hear the birds sing in one's own way, and not the way one was taught. It may be assumed on good grounds that seeing and hearing have a different quality for infants than for grown-ups and that they are more aesthetic and less intellectual in the first years of life.

A little boy sees and hears birds with delight. Then the 'good father' comes along and feels he should 'share' the experience and help his son 'develop'. He says: 'That's a jay, and this is a sparrow'. The moment the little boy is concerned with which is a jay and which is a sparrow, he can no longer see the birds or hear them sing. He has to see and hear them the way his father wants him to.

Father has good reasons on his side: since few people can afford to go through life listening to the birds sing, and the sooner the little boy starts his 'education' the better. Maybe he will be an ornithologist when he grows up.

What does an Ornithologist study?

• Birds

• Insects

• The different species of plants

• The different species of plants

Awareness means the capacity to see a coffeepot and hear the birds sing in one's own way, and not the way one was taught. It may be assumed on good grounds that seeing and hearing have a different quality for infants than for grown-ups and that they are more aesthetic and less intellectual in the first years of life.

A little boy sees and hears birds with delight. Then the 'good father' comes along and feels he should 'share' the experience and help his son 'develop'. He says: 'That's a jay, and this is a sparrow'. The moment the little boy is concerned with which is a jay and which is a sparrow, he can no longer see the birds or hear them sing. He has to see and hear them the way his father wants him to.

Father has good reasons on his side: since few people can afford to go through life listening to the birds sing, and the sooner the little boy starts his 'education' the better. Maybe he will be an ornithologist when he grows up.

The passage implies that when the boy starts his 'education' he will

• have a more aesthetic outlook

• be able to identify a jay and a sparrow

• see and hear the bird's song with delight

• see and hear the bird's song with delight

• the knowledge of that which is before us

• the knowledge about us

• the knowledge of that which is not generally known to others

• the knowledge of that which is not generally known to others

• knows about all the principal characters in history

• sees not with the eyes of others

• is acquainted with the streets of Constantinople and Peking

• is acquainted with the streets of Constantinople and Peking