Helicopters are very different from airplanes. They can do three things that airplanes cannot do. First, when airplanes move upward, they must also move forward, but helicopters can move straight up without moving ahead. Second , helicopters can fly backward, which airplanes cannot do. Third, helicopters can use their rotors to hover in the air, which is impossible for airplanes. Helicopters can perform actions that airplanes cannot, they are used for different tasks. Since helicopters can take off without moving forward, they do not need a runway for take-off. They are used in congested areas where there is no room for airplanes or in isolated areas, which do not have airports. Because they can hover, they are used on firefighting missions to drop water on fires. They are used in logging operations to lift trees out of forests. Helicopters are used as air ambulances to airlift patients out of situations, which are difficult to reach by conventional ambulances. The police used helicopters to follows suspects on the ground or to search for cars on the ground. Of course, helicopters have military uses because of their design and capabilities.

'To chew the cud' correctly means

• to contrive against someone
  
  

• to die on duty
  
  

• to meditate
  
  

• to inculcate virtues

Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. The general recognition of this fact is shown in the proverbial phrase, it is the busiest man who has time to spare. Thus, an elderly lady at leisure can spend the entire day writing a postcard to her niece. An hour will be spent in finding the postcard, another hunting for spectacles, half an hour to search for the address, an hour and a quarter in composition and twenty minutes in deciding whether or not to take an umbrella when going to the pillar-box in the street. The total effort that would occupy a busy man for three minutes, all told, may in this fashion leave another person completely exhausted after a day of doubt, anxiety, and toil.

What is the total time spent by the elderly lady in writing a postcard?

• Three minutes

• A full day

• Four hours and five minutes

• Half an hour

Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. The general recognition of this fact is shown in the proverbial phrase, it is the busiest man who has time to spare. Thus, an elderly lady at leisure can spend the entire day writing a postcard to her niece. An hour will be spent in finding the postcard, another hunting for spectacles, half an hour to search for the address, an hour and a quarter in composition and twenty minutes in deciding whether or not to take an umbrella when going to the pillar-box in the street. The total effort that would occupy a busy man for three minutes, all told, may in this fashion leave another person completely exhausted after a day of doubt, anxiety, and toil.

What happens when the time to spent on some work increases?

• The work is done smoothl

• The work is done leisurely

• The work consumes all the time

• The work needs additional time

Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. The general recognition of this fact is shown in the proverbial phrase, it is the busiest man who has time to spare. Thus, an elderly lady at leisure can spend the entire day writing a postcard to her niece. An hour will be spent in finding the postcard, another hunting for spectacles, half an hour to search for the address, an hour and a quarter in composition and twenty minutes in deciding whether or not to take an umbrella when going to the pillar-box in the street. The total effort that would occupy a busy man for three minutes, all told, may in this fashion leave another person completely exhausted after a day of doubt, anxiety, and toil.

What does the expression 'pillar-box' stand for?

• A box attached to the pillar

• A box in the pillar

• Box office

• A pillar-type postbox

Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. The general recognition of this fact is shown in the proverbial phrase, it is the busiest man who has time to spare. Thus, an elderly lady at leisure can spend the entire day writing a postcard to her niece. An hour will be spent in finding the postcard, another hunting for spectacles, half an hour to search for the address, an hour and a quarter in composition and twenty minutes in deciding whether or not to take an umbrella when going to the pillar-box in the street. The total effort that would occupy a busy man for three minutes, all told, may in this fashion leave another person completely exhausted after a day of doubt, anxiety, and toil.

Who is the person likely to take more time to do work?

• A busy man

• An elderly person

• A man of leisure

• An exhausted person

Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. The general recognition of this fact is shown in the proverbial phrase, it is the busiest man who has time to spare. Thus, an elderly lady at leisure can spend the entire day writing a postcard to her niece. An hour will be spent in finding the postcard, another hunting for spectacles, half an hour to search for the address, an hour and a quarter in composition and twenty minutes in deciding whether or not to take an umbrella when going to the pillar-box in the street. The total effort that would occupy a busy man for three minutes, all told, may in this fashion leave another person completely exhausted after a day of doubt, anxiety, and toil.

Point out the most appropriate explanation of the sentence, 'Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion.'

• The more work there is to be done, the more the time needed

• Whatever time is available for a given amount of work, all of it will be used

• If you have more time, you can do more work

• If you have some important work to do, you should always have some additional time

27.

Common Cold

(a) Go hang yourself, you old M.D!
You shall not sneer at me.
Pick up your hat and stethoscope,
Go wash your mouth with laundry soap;
I contemplate a joy exquisite
I'm not paying you for your visit.
I did not call you to be told
My malady is a common cold.

(b) By pounding brow and swollen lip;
By fever's hot and scaly grip;
By those two red redundant eyes
That weep like woeful April skies;
By racking snuffle, snort, and sniff;
By handkerchief after handkerchief;
This cold you wave away as naught
Is the damnedest cold man ever caught!

(c) Bacilli swarm within my portals
Such as were ne'er conceived by mortals,
But bred by scientists wise and hoary
In some Olympic laboratory;
Bacteria as large as mice,
With feet of fire and heads of ice
Who never interrupt for slumber
Their stamping elephantine rumba.

What is the emotion that the poet displays in the first stanza?

• Joy
  
  

• Jealousy
  
  

• Sympathy
  
  

• Anger

Common Cold

(a) Go hang yourself, you old M.D!
You shall not sneer at me.
Pick up your hat and stethoscope,
Go wash your mouth with laundry soap;
I contemplate a joy exquisite
I'm not paying you for your visit.
I did not call you to be told
My malady is a common cold.

(b) By pounding brow and swollen lip;
By fever's hot and scaly grip;
By those two red redundant eyes
That weep like woeful April skies;
By racking snuffle, snort, and sniff;
By handkerchief after handkerchief;
This cold you wave away as naught
Is the damnedest cold man ever caught!

(c) Bacilli swarm within my portals
Such as were ne'er conceived by mortals,
But bred by scientists wise and hoary
In some Olympic laboratory;
Bacteria as large as mice,
With feet of fire and heads of ice
Who never interrupt for slumber
Their stamping elephantine rumba.

Why and at whom does the poet show his emotion?

• At a doctor for an incorrect diagnosis of his medical condition
  
  

• At a friend who is happy at the poet's plight
  
  

• At a doctor who has said the poet merely has a cold
  
  

• At an old man because he has sneered at the poet

Common Cold

(a) Go hang yourself, you old M.D!
You shall not sneer at me.
Pick up your hat and stethoscope,
Go wash your mouth with laundry soap;
I contemplate a joy exquisite
I'm not paying you for your visit.
I did not call you to be told
My malady is a common cold.

(b) By pounding brow and swollen lip;
By fever's hot and scaly grip;
By those two red redundant eyes
That weep like woeful April skies;
By racking snuffle, snort, and sniff;
By handkerchief after handkerchief;
This cold you wave away as naught
Is the damnedest cold man ever caught!

(c) Bacilli swarm within my portals
Such as were ne'er conceived by mortals,
But bred by scientists wise and hoary
In some Olympic laboratory;
Bacteria as large as mice,
With feet of fire and heads of ice
Who never interrupt for slumber
Their stamping elephantine rumba.

The poet describes his eyes as 'two red redundant eyes' because

• they show how furious the poet is
  
  

• they have been affected by an eye-disease
  
  

• in his medical condition, the poet is imagining things
  
  

• he cannot see properly due to the cold

Common Cold

(a) Go hang yourself, you old M.D!
You shall not sneer at me.
Pick up your hat and stethoscope,
Go wash your mouth with laundry soap;
I contemplate a joy exquisite
I'm not paying you for your visit.
I did not call you to be told
My malady is a common cold.

(b) By pounding brow and swollen lip;
By fever's hot and scaly grip;
By those two red redundant eyes
That weep like woeful April skies;
By racking snuffle, snort, and sniff;
By handkerchief after handkerchief;
This cold you wave away as naught
Is the damnedest cold man ever caught!

(c) Bacilli swarm within my portals
Such as were ne'er conceived by mortals,
But bred by scientists wise and hoary
In some Olympic laboratory;
Bacteria as large as mice,
With feet of fire and heads of ice
Who never interrupt for slumber
Their stamping elephantine rumba

'Bacteria as large as mice' is an instance of a/an

• metaphor
  
  

• personification
  
  
  

• alliteration
  
  

• simile and a hyperbole