Read the poem and answer the following questions.

I want to be with people who submerge in the task,

who go into the fields of harvest and work in a row and pass the bags along,

who are not parlour generals and field deserters but move in a common rhythm

when the food must come in or the fire be put out.

The work of the world is common as mud.

Botched, it smears the hands, crumbles to dust.

But the thing worth doing well done has a shape that satisfies, clean, and evident.

Greek amphoras for wine and oil,

Hopi vases that held corn, are put in museums but you know they were made to be used.

The pitcher cries for water to carry and the person for work that is real.

Amphoras, vases and pitchers are metaphors for

• useful human labor

• antique art

• pride in wealth

• items of luxury

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of the empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big-bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India, I saw an England I did not know.

During the colonial rule, the villages suffered because there was/were

• no schools in the villages

• no jobs in the villages

• not enough land for agriculture

• not enough food for the children

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

Even the city people were not happy because

• there were not enough jobs for all

• business was not flourishing

• the trade was under the colonial control

• there was a large number of young intellectuals

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

However, the cities were better off than the villages because

• the young men were happy

• the educated youth got jobs

• the children, at least were not hungry

• all children were highly educated

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

Which one of the following is true?

• The Russian peasant could compare with the Indian peasant

• The Indian peasant was inferior to the Russian peasant

• The Indian peasants were superior to the Chinese peasants

• The Chinese peasants were better off than the Russian peasants

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

The writer believes that a/an... should feel sorry at the sight of these poor children.

• Russian

• Englishman

• Indian

• Chinese

177.

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

The English rule made India

• technically rich

• economically poor

• industrially strong

• culturally strong

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

The average life of an Indian during the British rule was 27 yr. The result was that

• Indians married young

• Indians lived a healthy life

• Indians did not have many children

• India was full of young people

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The real indictment against colonialism was to be found in the villages of India. There was a rot at the top, too, in the thousands of young intellectuals trained in English schools for jobs that did not exist except in the limited Civil Service. The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men, cultured and well educated, who could find no jobs and were not allowed by the old super-structure of empire to create them. But the real proof of evil, I say again, was in the miserable villages. I thought I had seen poverty in China, yet when I saw the Indian villages, I knew that the Chinese peasant was rich in comparison. Only the Russian peasant I had seen years before could compare with the Indian villager, although that Russian was a very different creature and inferior in many ways. And the children, the little children of the Indian villages, how they tore at my heart thin, big bellied and all with huge dark eyes! I wondered that any Englishman could look at them and not excuse himself. Three hundred years of English occupation and rule and could there be children like this? Yes, millions of them!. And the final indictment surely was that the life span in India was only twenty-seven years. Twenty-seven years! No wonder, then that a man married very young so that there could be children, as many as possible, before he died. I loved England, remembering all the happy journeys there, but in India I saw an England I did not know.

The towns and cities were frothing with unhappy young men. The underlined phrase means

• devoid of

• angry with

• full of

• lacking in

Read the passage and answer the following question.

The saving of certain wild animals from extinction has for many years been a problem for zoologists and other specialists; but more recently the problem has become so acute, and has received so much publicity, that most people are now concerned about it. This may at first seem strange because one of the most gratifying developments of the last few years has been the passing of strict laws to protect wild animals and the consequent decline in the hunting of big-game for sport. Why is it, then that some rare wild animals are still threatened with extinction and even some of the less rare ones are rapidly declining in number? One reason is the 'march of civilization'. When an area is wholly cleared of vegetation to make room for new towns, factory sites, or hydroelectric plants, the natural home of several species is destroyed. The displaced animals must either migrate to another area or perish. Even the clearing of land for a road or an airfield may involve 'pushing back' the jungle and the small area in which wild animals compete for a living, the smaller the number that can hope to survive. Civilization brings too, swift and easy transport and so assists those who are determined to break the various protective laws.

Thieves can elude the game wardens, shoot an elephant for its tusks, a rhinoceros for its horn, or a deer for its meat and be miles away from the site of the crime before the dead or dying victim is even discovered. It is sad to reflect that civilization which can bring so many benefits to people who have previously known only hunger and misery, brings also facilities for the heartless criminals who, for material gain, will slaughter some harmless animals and threaten the disappearance of its kind from the earth forever.

What problem is being faced by zoologists and other specialists?

• The migration of animals to other areas

• The saving of certain wild animals from extinction

• The declining number of less rare animals

• The clearing of jungles for building of new towns