Which of the following represents the correct order of the acidity in the given compounds?
H3CCOOH > BrCH2COOH > ClCH2COOH > FCH2COOH
FCH2COOH > CH3COOH >BrCH2COOH > ClCH2COOH
BrCH2COOH > ClCH2COOH > FCH2COOH >CH3COOH
BrCH2COOH > ClCH2COOH > FCH2COOH >CH3COOH
Reduction of aldehydes and ketones into hydrocarbons using zinc amalgam and conc. HCl is Called:
Clemmensen reduction
Cope reduction
Dow reduction
Dow reduction
Which of the compounds with molecular formula C5H10 yields acetone on ozonolysis?
2-methyl-2- butene
3- methyl -1-butene
cyclopentane
cyclopentane
Which one of the following on treatment with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide yields the corresponding alcohol and acid?
C6H5CH2CHO
C6H5CHO
CH3CH2CH2CHO
CH3CH2CH2CHO
The product formed in aldol condensation is:
a beta-hydroxy acid
a beta -hydroxy aldehyde or ketone
an alpha -hydroxy aldehyde or ketone
an alpha -hydroxy aldehyde or ketone
In a set of reactions, propionic acid yielded a compound D.
The structure of D would be:
CH3CH2CH2NH2
CH3CH2CONH2
CH3CH2NHCH3
CH3CH2NHCH3
A carbonyl compound reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form cyanohydrin which on hydrolysis forms a racemic mixture of alpha-hydroxy acid. The carbonyl compound is:
acetaldehyde
acetone
diethyl ketone
diethyl ketone
A carbonyl compound reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form cyanohydrin which on hydrolysis forms a racemic mixture of alpha -hydroxy acid. The carbonyl compound is:
CH3-CH2-CH2COCH3
(CH3)2C=O
CH3CH2CHO
CH3CH2CHO
D.
CH3CH2CHO
The carbonyl compounds undergo nucleophilic addition reaction because oxygen is more electronegative than carbon. As such, it withdraws share pi electron pair towards itself and gets a partial negative charge, therefore carbon gets a partial positive charge and becomes susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
The aldehyde is more reactive than ketones towards nucleophiles. This can be explained on the basis of inductive effect as well as steric effect. The addition of nucleophiles is based upon the positive charge present on a carbon atom of > C =O group.
In aldehyde >C=O group is present at least one alkyl group (except formaldehyde) which has +I effect (electron donating effect) and which decreases the positive charge of carbon, thereby making the attack to nucleophile difficult. The nucleophilic attack becomes more difficult in ketones having a minimum of two alkyl groups.
Hence, by means of attachment of alkyl groups (due to +I effect) rate of nucleophiles addition decreases.
Order of +I effect in an alkyl group.
order of nucleophilic addition in given carbonyl compound is
CH3CHO > CH3-CH2- CHO > (CH3)2CO> CH3CH2CH2COCH3
Self-condensation of two moles of ethyl acetate in presence of sodium ethoxide yields
ethyl butyrate
acetoacetic ester
methyl acetoacetate
methyl acetoacetate
Of the following, which is the product formed when cyclohexanone undergoes aldol condensation followed by heating?