Short Answer Type(a) Tobacco plants are damaged severely when infested with Meloidegyne incognitia. Name and explain the strategy that is adopted to stop this infestation.
(b) Name the vector used for introducing the nematode specific gene in tobacco plant.(a) Explain the phenomena of multiple allelism and co-dominanace taking ABO blood group as an example.
(b) What is the phenotype of the following:(i) IAi
(ii) i i
(a) The inheritance of ABO blood groups in humans exhibits co-dominance and multiple allelism.
Multiple allelism-: The ABO blood groups are controlled by the gene I. The I gene has three alleles, namely IA, IB and i. Since more than two alleles control a single trait thus it shows multiple allelism.
Co-dominance-: The allele IA and IB are both dominant over the allele i but they express themselves completely even in the presence of the other that is when both are present the blood group is AB . This represents co-dominance.
(b) ( i) Phenotype of IAi will be A blood group since the allele IA is dominant over the allele i
(ii) Phenotype of ii will be O blood group since the allele is recessive and expresses itself in the homozygous condition.(a) List any three ways of measuring population density of a habitat.
(b) Mention the essential information that can be obtained by studying the population of an organism.(a) What is the programme called that is involved in improving success rate of production of desired hybrid and herd size of cattle?
(b) Explain the method used for carrying this programme for cows.
Long Answer Type(a) Explain the significance of ecological pyramids with the help of an example.
(b) Why are the pyramids referred to as upright or inverted?
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