A geneticist interested in studying variations and patterns of inheritance in living beings prefers to choose organisms for experiments with shorter life cycle. Provide a reason.

Name the transcriptionally active region of chromatin in a nucleus.

State a reason for the increased population of dark coloured moths coinciding with the loss of lichens (on tree barks) during industrialization period in England.

Indiscriminate diagnostic practices using X-rays etc., should be avoided. Give one reason.

What is Biopiracy?

After a brief medical examination a healthy couple came to know that both of them are unable to produce functional gametes and should look for an ‘ART’ (Assisted Reproductive Technique). Name the ‘ART’ and the procedure involved that you can suggest to them to help them bear a child.

Differentiate between male and female heterogamety.

How has mutation breeding helped in improving the production of mung bean crop ?

9.

Mention a product of human welfare obtained with the help of each one of the following microbes:

 (a) LAB

 (b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

 (c) Propionibacterium sharmanii

 (d) Aspergillus niger

Many fresh water animals cannot survive in marine environment. Explain.