Long Answer Type(a) Explain the role of pancreas in digestion of various food materials.
(b) Briefly describe the stages in clotting of blood.
(c) Define: (i) Reparative regeneration (ii) Capacitation (iii) Menarche.
(a) State four differences between transpiration and guttation.
(b) Give an account of the secretory phase of menstrual cycle.
(c) Define: (i) Radial vascular bundle (ii) Rigor mortis (iii) Root pressure.
a.
| Transpiration | Guttation |
| Water is lost in the form of vapours | Water is lost in the form of water droplets. |
| Water is lost through stomata, lenticels and cuticle. | Water is lost from hydathodes. |
| Usually takes place during the day. | Takes place at night. |
| Water is free from any minerals and is pure. | Water contains minerals. |
(b) Secretory phase : In this phase, the ruptured follicle changes into a corpus luteum in the ovary and begins to secrete progesterone hormone.
Changes in the uterus : In this phase, endometrium thickens further. The uterine glands become tortuous and are filled with secretions and the uterine movements are reduced to keep the uterus quiet. The arteries of the endometrium become coiled and glycogen content of the endometrial epithelium increases.
Changes in the ovary — If ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum undergoes degeneration in the ovary and the level of progesterone declines.
(c) (i) Radial vascular bundle — In this, xylem and phloem are arranged alternately on different radii.
(ii) Rigor mortis — is the stiffening of muscles soon after death.
(iii) Root pressure — Is the pressure exerted on liquid contents of cortical cells of root under fully turgid condition forcing a quantity of the contents into xylem vessels and through them upwards into stem up to a certain height.
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