Short Answer TypeWrite balanced equations for each of the following reactions :
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate solution.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution is added to silver nitrate solution
Explain the following with at least one example :
(i) Keto-enol tautomerism.
(ii) Carbylamine reaction.
(iii) Rosenmund’s reduction.
(iv) Haloform reaction.
Give one reason each for the following :
(i) Acetone reacts with hydroxylamine to form only one product which has no geometrical isomer, but acetaldehyde reacts with hydroxylamine to form a product which has two geometrical isomers.
(ii) Direct nitration of aniline is not possible.
Give balanced equations for the reactions given below:
(i) Urea is warmed with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide.
(ii) Methyl isocyanide is warmed with dilute hydrochloric acid.
(iii) Sucrose is warmed with concentrated nitric acid.
(iv) Aniline is treated with a mixture of NaNO2 and excess ofHCl at low temperature.
How would you convert the following :
(i) Methyl amine to ethyl amine
(ii) Benzoic acid to benzene
(iii) Glucose to fructose
Give a chemical test to distinguish between :
(i) Urea and oxalic acid
(iiAcetaldehyde and acetone.
(i) Urea and oxalic acid are distinguished by biuret test.
Biuret test: Heat the compound + NaOH + CaSO4
Violet colours
Urea gives biuret test but oxalic acid remains unaffected.
(ii) Acetaldehyde and acetone are distinguished by Tollen’s test. Acetaldehyde forms silver mirror when heated with Tollen’s reagent (ammonical AgNO3) and acetone does not show any changes.
i) What is a specific rotation ?
(ii) 1. What is optical activity ?
2. Name the apparatus used to measure optical activity.
3. State the two necessary conditions for a compound to show optical activity. Give one example of a compound which shows optical activity.
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