5 millimoles of caustic potash and 5 millimoles of oxalic acid are mixed and dissolved in 100 mL water. The solution will be
basic
acidic
neutral
cannot say
How many moles of O2 can be obtained by electrolysis of 90 g H2O?
5.0 mol
0.5 mol
2.5 mol
0.25 mol
Four different sets of quantum numbers for 4 electrons are given below:
e1 = 4, 0, 0, -
e2 = 3, 1, 1, -
e3 = 3, 2, 2, +
e4 = 3, 0, 0, +
The order of energy of e1, e2, e3, e4 is
e1 > e2 > e3 > e4
e4 > e3 > e2 > e1
e3 > e1 > e2 > e4
e2 > e3 > e4 > e1
Electron affinity is positive when
O- is formed from O
O2- is formed from O-
O+ is formed from O
electron affinite is always a negative value
B.
O2- is formed from O-
Electron affinity of an element is equal to the energy released when an electron is added to valence shell of an isolated gaseous atoms. For example, when an electron is added to oxygen atom to form O- ion, energy is released, i.e., EA1, value is exoergic or negative.
O (g) + e- (g) O- (g)
H (EA1) = -141 kJ mol-1 (Energy is released)
But the addition of second electron to O- ion to form O2- ion is more difficult and energy is needed to overpower the repulsion forces between negatively charged atomic sphere and test electrons. Thus, the EA2 value of oxygen atom is positive or endoergic.
O- (g) + e- (g) O2- (g)
H (EA2) = +780 kJ mol-1 (Energy is abosorbed)
Thus, the EA1 values for all elements are exoergic (however for some elements endoergic, e.g. noble gases and alkali earth metals) while rest all (EA2, EA3 ....) endoergic.
When solid melts, there will be
a decrease in enthalphy
a decrease in free energy
a decrease in entropy
all the above factors remain constant
Which solution is a buffer?
Acetic acid + NaOH (equimolar ratio)
Acetic acid + NaOH (1 : 2 molar ratio)
Acetic acid + NaOH (2 : 1 molar ratio)
HCl + NaOH (equimolar ratio)