Short Answer TypeWrite balanced equations for each of the following reactions :
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate solution.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution is added to silver nitrate solution
Explain the following with at least one example :
(i) Keto-enol tautomerism.
(ii) Carbylamine reaction.
(iii) Rosenmund’s reduction.
(iv) Haloform reaction.
Give one reason each for the following :
(i) Acetone reacts with hydroxylamine to form only one product which has no geometrical isomer, but acetaldehyde reacts with hydroxylamine to form a product which has two geometrical isomers.
(ii) Direct nitration of aniline is not possible.
i) 
For oximes to exhibit geometrical isomerism two groups attached to carbon atoms should be different since in acetoxime both groups are same (CH3), it does not show geometrical isomerism. In the case of acetaldoxime, two different groups (CH3 and H) are attached to a carbon atom, so it shows geometrical isomerism.
(ii) Direct nitration of aniline is not possible because HN03 is a strong oxidising agent and it has a tendency to oxidise aniline.
Give balanced equations for the reactions given below:
(i) Urea is warmed with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide.
(ii) Methyl isocyanide is warmed with dilute hydrochloric acid.
(iii) Sucrose is warmed with concentrated nitric acid.
(iv) Aniline is treated with a mixture of NaNO2 and excess ofHCl at low temperature.
How would you convert the following :
(i) Methyl amine to ethyl amine
(ii) Benzoic acid to benzene
(iii) Glucose to fructose
Give a chemical test to distinguish between :
(i) Urea and oxalic acid
(iiAcetaldehyde and acetone.
i) What is a specific rotation ?
(ii) 1. What is optical activity ?
2. Name the apparatus used to measure optical activity.
3. State the two necessary conditions for a compound to show optical activity. Give one example of a compound which shows optical activity.
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