Short Answer TypeDistinguish between 'Selling Concept' and 'Marketing Concept' of Marketing Management Philosophies on the basis of 'main focus'.
Under three-tier machinery where can a legal heir or representative of a deceased consumer file a complaint when the compensation claimed is 25 Lakhs?
Pragya bought an iron of a reputed brand for 1,500 but it caused an electric shock while it was being used. Pragya wants to exercise her 'Right'. Identify the 'Right' under which she can be protected.
Ajay was appointed a marketing head of 'Alfa Enterprise' manufacturers of toothpaste and toothbrushes. His target sale was 2000 units a month. Apart from thinking about various channels of distribution to achieve the target he himself started visiting schools in backward areas. He found that even after taking various steps and counselling, some school children had not started brushing their teeth. He investigated and found that they could not afford to buy toothbrush and toothpaste. So with due permission he started donating 200 toothbrushes and toothpastes every month to the school.
(i) Identify the channel of distribution 'Ajay' would adopt for distribution of toothpaste and toothbrushes and justify it by giving one reason.
(ii) State any two values which Ajay wants to communicate to the society.
'Though branding adds to the cost, it provides several advantages to the consumers'. In the light of the statement, state any three advantages of branding to customers.
What is meant by 'Long-term Investment Decision? State any three factors which affect the long-term investment decision.
A long-term investment decision is otherwise called as Capital Budgeting decision. It involves investment for a long period of time. Capital budgeting decisions are very important as it involves huge investment of fund for a long period of time and are irreversible in nature.
Factors which affect capital budgeting decisions are:
(a) Cash flows of the project: When a company takes an investment decision involving huge amount it expects to generate some cash flows over a period. These cash flows are in the form of a series of cash receipts and payments over the life of an investment. The amount of these cash flows should be carefully analysed before considering a capital budgeting decision. If the cash inflow exceeds cash outflow, a project can be selected otherwise rejected. Time value of cash should also be taken into account for better decision making.
(b) The rate of return: The most important criterion is the rate of return of the project. The expected rate of return from each project must be considered and compared. The project that will give the maximum rate of return must be selected.
(c) The investment criteria involved: The decision to invest in a particular project involves a number of calculations regarding the amount of investment, interest rate, cash flows and rate of return. There are different techniques to evaluate investment proposals which are known as capital budgeting techniques. These techniques are applied to each proposal before selecting a particular project.
Explain any four points of importance of consumer protection from the point of view of business.
Long Answer TypeDifferentiate between ‘capital-market’ and ‘money-market’ on the following basis:
(i) Participants;
(ii) Instruments;
(iii) Investment outlay;
(iv) Duration and
(v) Liquidity.
Explain ‘Price’ as an element of marketing– mix. Also, explain any four factors that affect the fixation of price of a product.
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