Short Answer TypeWhat is the cause of a feeling of depression in human beings? Name a drug which can be useful in treating this depression.
Explain the following behaviours:
(i) Alcohols are more soluble in water than the hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses.
(ii) Ortho-nitro phenol is more acidic than ortho-methoxyphenol.
Explain the mechanism of acid catalysed hydration of an alkene to form corresponding alcohol.
Some reactive alkenes undergo direct hydration in the presence of mineral acids which act as catalysts. The addition of water to the double bond takes place in accordance with Markonikoff’s rule.
The mechanism of reaction involves the following three steps:
(i) Protonation of alkene to form carbocation by electrophilic attack of H3O+.
(ii) Nucleophilic attack of water of carbocation.
(iii) Deprotonation to from an alcohol.
Complete the following chemical reaction equations:
(i) C6H5N2Cl + H3PO2+ H2O --->
(ii) C6H5NH2+ Br2(aq.)--->
Describe the following giving the relevant chemical equation in each case:
(i) Carbylamines reaction
(ii) Hofmann’s bromamide reaction.
Answer the following question:
(i) What is meant by the chirality of a compound? Give an example.
(ii) Which one of the following compounds is more easily hydrolyzed by KOH and why?
CH3CHCICH2CH3 or CH3CH2CH2Cl
(iii) Which one undergoes S N 2 substitution reaction faster and why?
Define the following as related to proteins:
(i) Peptide linkage
(ii) Primary structure
(iii) Denaturation
Differentiate between thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Give one example of each.
Long Answer Type(a) Draw the molecular structure of the following compounds.
(i) N2O5
(ii) XeOF4
(b) Explain the following observation:
(i) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen.
(ii) ICI is more reactive than I2.
(iii) Despite the lower value of its electron gain enthalpy with a negative sign, fluorine (F2) is a stronger oxidizing agent than Cl2.
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