Short Answer TypeWho was Cunningham? Mention any one account used by him to locate the early settlements of Harappa civilization.
’The most unique features of Mohenjodaro was the planned urban centre. ’ Support the statement with examples.
”The Mahabharata is a good source to study the Kinfolk’s values of ancient times.” Justify this statement with suitable arguments.
“The principle of ahimsa and renunciation emphasized by Jainism has left its mark”. Support the statement with Lord Mahavira’s messages.
How do the modern historians explain the development of Magadha as the most powerful Mahajanpada? Explain.
On the given Political Outline Map of India mark and name the following:
(a) kuru
(b) Rajgir
(c) Magadha
(d) Avanti
(e) Ujjain
OR
On the given political Outline Map of India, mark and name the following:
(a) Golconda
(b) Vijayanagara
(c) Mysore
(d) Quilon
(e) Tirunelveli
Which dynasty did Krishnadeva Raya belong to? Mention any one the expansion and consolidation policies?
Bernier’s description of imperial land-ownership influenced western theorists like French Philosopher Montesquieu and German Karl Marx. Justify it with suitable arguments.
Explain the features of Islamic religion which contributed to its spread through the sub-continent.
In what ways have the daily routine and special festivities associated with the Mughal court conveyed a sense of power of the Mughal emperor? Explain.
The physical arrangement of the court, focused on the sovereign, mirrored his status as the heart of society.
(i) The emperor began his day at sunrise with personal religious devotions or prayers, and then appeared on a small balcony, the jharoka, facing the east.
(ii) Jharoka darshan was introduced by Akbar with the objective of broadening the acceptance of the imperial authority as part of popular faith.
(iii) After spending an hour at the jharoka, the emperor walked to the public hall of audience (diwan-i am) to conduct the primary business of his government. State officials presented reports and made requests.
(iv) Two hours later, the emperor was in the diwan-i khas to hold private audiences and discuss confidential matters. High ministers of state placed their petitions before him and tax officials presented their accounts. Occasionally, the emperor viewed the works of highly reputed artists or building plans of architects (mimar).
(v) On special occasions such as the anniversary of accession to the throne, Id, Shab-i barat and Holi, the court was full of life. Perfumed candles set in rich holders and palace walls festooned with colourful hangings made a tremendous impression on visitors.
Switch
