1.

Mention the factors responsible for the decline in the child sex ratio in India.

Who are tribals?

What changes have taken place due to marketization?

How are the privileged minorities politically vulnerable?

The family planning programme suffered during the period of National Emergency. Give reasons.

In what ways does change in social structure lead to changes in the family structure?

How did liberalisation policy have an impact on the Indian markets?

Do you think that the linguistic recognition of States has helped or harmed India? Explain.

How can Secularism be understood in its two forms?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Kumar embodies the spirit of the dalits of Gohana. In his early 30s, he is not the scavenger the caste society ordered him to be, but a senior assistant in an insurance company. Most dalits have embraced education and stepped across the line of control of the caste system.
“There are many of us who have a Masters Degree and work in private and government jobs. Most of our boys go to school and so do the girl,” he said. […] The young men of the Valmiki colony are not the stereotyped, submissive, suffering Dalits that one would traditionally expect to encounter. Dressed in imitation Nike shoes and Wrangler jeans, their Body language is defiant. However, the journey of upward social mobility remains tough for the vast majority of landless Dalits in Haryana. “most boys drop out after high school because of acute poverty,” said SudeshKataria, an assistant engineer working for a multinational company.. He has a diploma in electrical engineering from the industrial training institute, Gurgaon. Kataria’s best friend at ITI, a jat, once invited him to a family wedding but insisted that he shouldn’t reveal his identity. “At the wedding a guest asked me about my caste and I lied. Then he asked me about my village and I told him the truth. He knew my village was a dalit village.” A fight broke out between the hosts and the guests how can they let a dalit in? “They washed the chair I sat on and threw me out,” Kataria recalls.
Katarina wants a new life for the Dalits- he campaigns throughout the village of Gurgaon with other educated Dalits. “Our people will rise, stronger and powerful. We need to unite. And once we unite and fight back, there will be no Gohanas or Jhajjars. Not anymore.”