Short Answer TypeWith reference to the transfer of power to India, answer the following :
Mention any two clauses of the Indian Independence Act 1947.
With reference to the transfer of power to India, answer the following :
Why did the Congress accept the Mountbatten Plan ?
The war that broke out in 1914 was different from the previous wars in many ways. In this context discuss the following points briefly :
(a) Militant Nationalism as a cause of the war.
(b) How did the Treaty of Versailles seek to cripple Germany's military strength ?
(c) What was the territorial re-arrangement of Europe as a result of this war ?
(a) Nationalism was an intense form of patriotism. Those with nationalist tendencies celebrated the culture and achievements of their own country and placed its interests above those of other nations. Pre-war nationalism was fuelled by wars, imperial conquests and rivalry, political rhetoric, newspapers and popular culture, such as ‘invasion literature’ written by penny press novelists.
i. British nationalism was fuelled by a century of comparative peace and prosperity. The British Empire had flourished and expanded, its naval strength had grown and Britons had known only colonial wars.
ii. German nationalism was a new phenomenon, emerging from the unification of Germany in 1871. It became fascinated with German imperial expansion (securing Germany’s ‘place in the sun’) and resentful of the British and their empire.
iii. Rising nationalism was also a factor in the Balkans, where Slavic Serbs and others sought independence and autonomy from the political domination of Austria-Hungary.
(b) Germany’s armed forces were considerable weakened by the Treaty of Versailles.
They had to reduce the army to 100,000 men, with no conscription. They were not allowed to have an airforce or any armoured vehicles live tanks. The navy was reduced to 6 ships and no submarines.
(c) Territorial rearrangementhave changed the political map of the world. After four years of carnage and more than 16 million dead soldiers and civilians, three empires that had lasted for centuries - Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman - gradually ceased to exist and many new nations emerged. Poland was reconstituted in the East; the Baltic republics of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia are established. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, this vast zone to the southern part of Europe, is divided up into a range of smaller states.
The United Nations was established to be an effective peace keeping international organization. In this context explain the following:
its objectives and purposes.
The United Nations was established to be an effective peace keeping international organization. In this context explain the following:
Name the agency that the UN set up to deliver relief to children and mothers after World War II. State any three of its functions.
The United Nations was established to be an effective peace keeping international organization. In this context explain the following:
The meaning of Human Rights as incorporated in the Human Charter.
Long Answer TypeIn 1930 Mahatama Gandhi's demands were rejected by the British, as a result of which he launched the Civil Disobedience Movement. In this contest explain the following:
(a) Name the famous march undertaken by Gandhiji. Where did he begin this march? State two of its features.
(b) The Gandhi - Irwin Pact as a consequence of this Movement.
(c) Significance of the Second Round Table Conference.
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