Short Answer TypeState the most significant contribution of the following Scientists :
(i) Hans Berger
(ii) Dixon and Jolly
(iii) J.B. Lamarck
(iv) William Harvey
Write short notes on :
(i) Atavism
(ii) Protoplast fusion
(iii) Rh factor
(i) Atavism : It is reappearance of certain ancestral traits after several generations which has either completely disappeared or greatly reduced.
(ii) Protoplast fusion : The protoplasts from different varieties of species can be made to fuse with the help of certain compounds such as PEG –polyethylene glycol or by electro-fusion. This provides a chance for an extended variety of hybrid plants between non related species and genera. Hybrids of wheat and rye, and turnip and cabbage, between species of Brassica, Nictotiana, Petunia and Solanum have been produced by protoplast fusion. In 1978, tomato and potato protoplasts were fused. The resuling hybrid is called pomato. It is of great scientific interest and agronomic importance.
(iii) Rhesus (Rh) factor is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells. If your blood has the protein, you're Rh positive. If your blood lacks the protein, you're Rh negative. Rh positive is the most common blood type.
Mention the chromosomal abnormalities concerned with the following conditions in humans:
(i) Turner’s Syndrome
(ii) Klinefelter’s Syndrome
(iii) Down’s Syndrome
Long Answer Typea) Give any four anatomical difference between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous leaf.
(b) Explain the phases of growth in meristem of plants.
(c) Draw a neat labelled diagram of a matured anatropous ovule before fertilization.
(a) Give an account of activity of cambium in the secondary growth of the stem.
(b) Write three differences between C3 and C4 cycles.
(c) Mention two advantages each of the following:
(i) Hydroponics (ii) Turgidity to plants (iii) Cross pollination
(a) Explian the movement of water cell to cell across the root from the soil to the xylem.
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of T.S. of hyaline cartilage. Write a brief note on its functions.
(c) What is the full form of ADH ? How does ADH control osmoregulation in human kidney?.
(a) Explain the process of oogenesis in humans.
(b) State three differences between red muscle fibre and white muscle fibre.
(c) Mention a cause and symptom of each of the following:
(i) Amphysema (ii) Renal calculi (iii) Diarrhoea
(a)Describe the structure of an artery and vein. Explain how their structure helps in their functioning.
(b) Write three differences between short day and long day plants.
(c) Name the 2nd, 3nd and 8th cranial nerves in man and write a function of each.
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