How can the following conversation be brought about:
i) Acetaldehyde to acetaldehyde phenyl hydrazine.
ii) Benzoic acid to aniline.
iii) Methyl chloride to acetone.
iv) Benzene to benzene diazonium chloride.
i) Glycerol (propane 1,2,3 triol) is more viscous than ethylene glycol ( ethane 1,2, diol). Explain.
ii) How can urea be detected by Biuret test?
What is meant by the lanthanide contraction? write the general electronic configuration of inner transition elements.
The steady decrease in the size of lanthanide ion (M3+) of lanthanide ions (M3+) with the increase in atomic number is called lanthanide contraction. This occurs because, down the group from left to right in a lanthanide series, the atomic no. increases and for every proton in the nucleus the extra electron goes to 4f orbital. The 4f orbital is too diffused to shield the nucleus effectively, thus there is a gradual increase in the effective nuclear charge experienced by the outer electrons. Consequently , the attraction of the nucleus for the electrons in the outermost shell increases with the increase of atomic number, thus size decreases.
The general electronic configuration of inner transition elements is (n-2)f1-14 (n-1) d0-1 ns2.
The solubility product of PbCl2 at 298K is 1.7 x 10-5. Calculate the solubility of PbCl2 in g/lit. at 298K.
Atomic weight: [Pb=207 and Cl=35.5]
In a body centred and face centred arrangement of atoms of an element, what will be the number of atoms present in the respective units of cell? Justify your answer with calculation.