For Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, the energy of electron in its ground state is found to be-13.6 eV.
(i) Draw an energy level diagram for the hydrogen atom and mark the values of energy (in eV) at n = 2 and n = ∝.
(ii) Obtain the maximum energy of a photon emitted by the hydrogen atom in eV.
(i) On what does the minimum wavelength of the continuous x-ray spectrum depend
(ii) When the filament current is increased, the intensity of the x-ray produced increases. Why?
(iii) Why is the structure of crystals studied by x-rays ?
(i)
The minimum wavelength of the continuous x-ray spectrum depends upon the voltage applied between the filament and the target of the x-ray tube.
Let V be the accelerating potential then,
ii)
The intensity of x-rays depends on the number of electrons striking the target. The number of electrons emitted by the filament depends upon its temperature which increases with increase in filament current. Thus, the number of electrons hitting the target increases with increase in filament current, which in turn increases the intensity of x-ray produced.
(iii)
The distance between the atoms of crystals is of the order of wavelength of x-rays. When x-rays fall on crystal, they are diffracted. The diffraction pattern is helpful in the study of crystal structure.