Who was Mumtaz Ali?

Mumtaz Ali was a social reformer who reinterpreted verses from the Koran to argue for the education of women.

Traders and moneylenders were referred as Vaishyas.

The practice of widow burning.

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Raja Rammohan Roy was social reformer. He was well versed in Sanskrit, Persian and several other Indian and European languages. 

He founded a reform association known as the Brahmo Sabha (later known as the Brahmo Samaj) in Calcutta.

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It was a popular festival in which devotees underwent a peculiar form of suffering as part of ritual worship. With hooks pierced through their skin they swung themselves on a wheel.