The ways for political reforms in India are:
(i) The best way to bring out reform in political system is to adopt a proper constitutional basis according to the public opinion or mandates.

(ii) There should be people's participation in the politics from grass-root to superstructure level. The best example is Panchayati Raj System and its election processes are now a law.

(iii) It is very tempting to think of legal ways of reforming politics, to think of new laws to ban undesirable things. Carefully devised changes in law can help to discourage wrong political practices and encourage good ones.
Generally, laws that seek to ban something are not very successful in politics. Laws that give political actors incentives to do good things have more chances of working. The best laws are those which empower people to carry out democratic reforms. The Right to Information Act is a good example of a law that empowers the people to find out what is happening in government and act as watchdogs of democracy. Such a law helps to control corruption.

(iv) Democratic reforms are to be brought about principally through political practice. Therefore, the main focus of political reforms should be on ways to strengthen democratic practice. The most important concern should be to increase and improve the quality of political participation by ordinary citizens.

In the modern world, democracy is not limited to its very narrow definition but its aspect has been widened.
(i) Democratic rights are not limited to the right to vote, to stand in elections and form political organisation. A Democracy should grant some social and economic rights to its citizens.
(ii) The very spirit of power sharing in democracy is extended to the power sharing between governments and social groups.
(iii) Modern democracy cannot value only the voice of majority but it respects the voice of minority as well.
(iv) The democracy has extended its scope from government and its activities to eliminating discrimination based on caste, religion and gender.
(v)Democracy has added one more feature in its scope, i.e. the 'outcome of democracy'.

This challenge involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions. Ensuring greater power to local governments, extension of federal principle to all the units of the federation, inclusion of women and minority groups falls under the challenge.
This also means that less and less decisions should remain outside the arena of democratic control. Most countries including India and old democracies like the US face this challenge.

The three important challenges before democracy are:
(i) The foundational challenge of making transition of democracy.
(ii) The challenge of expansion of democracy.
(iii) The deepening of democracy.

The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or another. This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy. This should happen in such a way that people can realise their expectations of democracy. Every democratic country has a large number of ordinary people. They have different expectations from democracy in different societies. Therefore, this challenge takes different meaning and paths in different parts of the world. In concrete terms, it usually means strengthening those institutions that help people's participation and control. This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making govermental decision.

Broad guidelines for political reforms:
(i) As legal-constitutional changes by themselves cannot overcome challenges to democracy, democratic reforms need to be carried out mainly by political activists, parties, movements and politically conscious citizens.

(ii) Any legal change must carefully look at what results it will have on politics. Generally, laws that seek to ban something are rather counter-productive. For example, many states have debarred people who have more than two children from contesting Panchayat elections. This has resulted in denial of democratic opportunity to many poor and women, which was not intended. The best laws are those which empower people to carry out democratic reforms. For example, the Right to Information Act which acts as a watchdog of democracy by controlling corruption.

(iii) Democratic reforms are to be brought about principally through political parties. The most important concern should be to increase and improve the quality of political participation by ordinary citizens.

(iv) Any proposal for political reforms should consider not only about what is a good solution, but also about who will implement it and how. Measures that rely on democratic movements, citizens' organizations and media are likely to succeed.