Discuss the following in brief:
(a) Three classes of economic activities
(b) Four factors of production
(c) Write any four important issues concerning the State.
(a) Three classes of Economic Activities :
(i)Primary activities
(ii) Secondary activities
(iii)Tertiary activities.
(b) Four factors of Production :
(i)Land
(ii)Labour
(iii)Capital
(iv)Enterprise
(c)Four important issues concerning the State:
(i)Alleviation of poverty
(ii)Population control
(iii)Sustainable resource utilisation
(iv)Health and family welfare.
Which of the following is not a component of HDI?
Per Capita Income
Life Expectancy
Literacy Rate
Poverty Rate
D.
Poverty Rate
Describe the exhaustion of natural resources as a problem. Recommend some measures to solve this problems.
Exhaustion of natural resources:
If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriminately, they will be exhausted. For example, if people in the world continue to use crude oil in the present manner, it will run out of stock in next 43 years. Then there are countries like USA which are using their military and economic power to get maximum oil from other countires. India is dependent on other countries for oil and spending a lot of foreign exchange on its import.
Measures for solving this problems : In view of the above problems, steps should be taken for the sustainability of development.
(i) Natural resources like crude oil should not be used indiscriminately.
(ii) Alternate modes of energy i.e., solar energy or wind energy and others should be used so that a part of limited natural resources may be preserved for future generations.
(iii) There should be planned and judicious use of natural resources.
Illustrate with examples that environmental degradation is not just a national issue.
It is appropriate to say that environmental degradation is not just a national issue. It is no longer region or nation specific. Development has caused a high degree of environmental degradation in many countries. When the ‘tsunami’ hit the South and South-East Asian coasts, various countries of the world came forward to help the victims. The ice in the Arctic and Antarctic is melting because of increased emission of green house gases into the atmosphere. This may cause floods and inundate low lying areas like Bangladesh and the Maldives.
The environmental degradation as a global problem : In the long run, the ecology crisis will adversely affect all of us. Actions of one country has effect not only other countries but on future generations as well. If, all non-renewable resources are exhausted then nothing will be left for future generations. Thus, the environmental degradation has become an international issue and must be tackled by all countries jointly, otherwise future generations will bear the brunt of this menace.
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