How is food security ensured in India? from Social Science Food
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    Food Security In India
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    A section of people in India are still without food. Explain.

    A section of people like SCs, STs, OBCs, people affected by natural disasters, women (pregnant and nursing mothers) and children under the age of 5 years in India are still without food.

    The food insecure people are disproportionately large in some regions of the country, such as economically backward states with high incidence of poverty, tribal and remote areas, regions more prone to natural disasters etc.

    The main reason for this unfortunate is that many poor families do not even have enough money or income to buy food in other words, there is availability of food and accessibility to food, but poor families do not have affordability to food.

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    Do you believe that Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains? How?

    Yes, Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains.

    It is through:

    (i)In India, after Green Revolution production of many crops has increased many times. The production of wheat was just 88 lakh tonnes in 1955-56. Now it has crossed 718 lakh tonnes.

    (ii)After Independence, India was dependent on other countries for its foodgrain requirements but now our imports of foodgrains are negligible.

    (iii)The minimum buffer norms for FCI are 24.3 million tonnes but due to the success of Green Revolution, the stock is much more than the minimum norms.
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    How is food security ensured in India?

    The food security is ensured in India through a carefully designed food security system by the government.

    This system has two components:

    (i) Buffer Stock      (ii) Public Distribution System.

    (i)Buffer Stock: Buffer stock is the stock of foodgrains, namely wheat and rice procured by the govt. through Food Corporation of India (FCI). The FCI purchases wheat and rice from the farmers in states where there is surplus production.

    The purchased foodgrains are stored in granaries. This is done to distribute foodgrains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price also known as Issue price. This also helps in resolving the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the period of calamity.

    (ii)Public Distribution System: The food procured by the FCI is distributed through govt. regulated ration shops among the poorer section of the society. This is called the public distribution system.
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    Which states are more food insecure in India?

    States which are more food insecure in India are Eastern and South-Eastern parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

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    Which are the people more prone to food insecurity?

    The people more prone to food insecurity are the followings:

    (i)The Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and some sections of the OBC’s who have either poor land bare or very low land productivity are prone to food insecurity.

    (ii)The people affected by natural disaster, who have to migrate to other areas in search of work, are also among the most food insecure people.

    (iii)A large proportion of pregnant and nursing mothers and children under the age of five years constitute an important segment of the food insecure population.
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