Long Answer Type(a) Mention the important features of the Neanderthal man.
(b) What are homologous organs? How do they help in providing evidence for organic evolution?
(a) Important features of the Neanderthal man:
i. Cranial capacity was 1300 – 1600 CC.
ii. Short limbs, broad shoulder, legs bent and semi-erect, stooping posture.
iii. Used stone tools, weapons and fire/ cooking and was intelligent, good hunters, used animal skin for clothing.
(b) Homologous organs: Organs though different in functions, but similar embryonic origin and development, internal structure and basic plan.
For example, wings of a bird (flying) and flippers of a seal are different from one another in functions, yet all are built on the same pentadactyl plan and have same mode of development.
Evidences indicate that the organisms having homologous structures must have arisen from common ancestors through successive generations. It supports divergent evolution/adaptive divergence/monophyletic origin / common origin/ same origin
a. Describe the different types of vascular bundles.
b. Give three anatomical differences between a monocot root and a dicot root.
c. Explain the effect of light and temperature on photosynthesis.
(a) Explain the transpiration pull theory for ascent of sap.
(b) Explain the process of spermatogenesis in humans.
(c) Define the following:
(i) Placentation
(ii) Parthenocarpy
(iii) Diffusion
(a) Why are xylem and phloem classified as complex tissues? Describe the structure of phloem.
(b) Describe the ultra-structure of chloroplast.
(c) State three functions of the placenta.
(a) Describe the experiment performed by Griffith. What conclusions did he infer from his observations?
(b) What is artificial insemination? Mention two ways in which it is useful in breeding of dairy animals.
(c) What is single cell protein? Give its source and significance.
(a) How did Hershey and Chase prove that DNA is the genetic material?
(b) Give one main application of each of the following:
(i) MRI
(ii) Ultrasound
(iii) ECG
(c) Explain the role of stem cells in medical treatment.
(a) Write short notes on:
(i) Multiple Alleles
(ii) Artificial measures to control population
(b) What complications will arise if the blood of an Rh positive person is transfused to an Rh negative person and vice versa?
(c) State any three goals of the human genome project.
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